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{"sheet":"Dataset Costantini et al.","index":0,"n_rows":79,"n_cols":27,"rows_kept":79,"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
["Species","Phylum","Class","Dispersal potential","Reproductive mode","Feeding type","Pelagic larval duration (PLD)","Max PLD (days)","Molecular markers","Spatial scale","n. populations (Tot/only Med)","Max distance (km)","Global FST","Slope","Standard Error","FST.mod","n.samples","ANCOVA","id.meta","META","Sub-basin","IBD","Pattern of spatial genetic structure","Notes","References","Year","Title"]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",23,"micro","Regional",9,14,"0.035","0.0099","0.0012",0.035,35,"yes","1 Arizmendi-Mejia et al. (2015) Paramuricea clavata micro BAL","yes","BAL","yes","IBD",null,"Arizmendi-Mejia et al. (2015)",2015,"Combining Genetic and Demographic Data for the Conservation of a Mediterranean Marine Habitat-Forming Species"]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"micro","Mediterranean ",13,859,"0.098","0.0099","0.0028",0.098,78,"yes","2 Aurelle et al. (2011) Corallium rubrum micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Aurelle et al. (2011)",2011,"Phylogeography of the red coral (Corallium rubrum): inferences on the evolutionary history of a temperate gorgonian."]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"nuclear","Mediterranean ",24,859,"0.218",{"$nulls":3},276,"no",null,"no","NWM","yes","IBD","Not calculated becouse nuclear marker were not included in the analysis","Aurelle et al. (2011)",2011,"Phylogeography of the red coral (Corallium rubrum): inferences on the evolutionary history of a temperate gorgonian."]
["Scopalina lophyropoda","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Mediterranean ",5,600,"0.073","0.0051","0.0036",0.073,10,"yes","3 Blanquer and Uriz (2010) Scopalina lophyropoda micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Blanquer and Uriz (2010)",2010,"Population genetics at three spatial scales of a rare sponge living in fragmented habitats."]
["Scopalina lophyropoda","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Regional",3,"0.05","0.023","0.0123","0.0087",0.023,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","yes",null,null,"Blanquer et al. (2009)",2009,"Small-scale spatial genetic structure in Scopalina lophyropoda, an encrusting sponge with philopatric larval dispersal and frequent fission and fusion events"]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Regional",4,450,"0.4325","0.0771","0.0963",0.160037003,6,"yes","5 Boissin et al. (2008a) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD","Lineage B","Boissin et al. (2008a)","2008a","Defining reproductively isolated units in a cryptic and syntopic species complex using mitochondrial and nuclear markers: the brooding brittle star, Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidea)."]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Regional",4,450,"0.2558","0.0114","0.0582",0.079131349,6,"yes","6 Boissin et al. (2008a) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD","Lineage AIII","Boissin et al. (2008a)","2008a","Defining reproductively isolated units in a cryptic and syntopic species complex using mitochondrial and nuclear markers: the brooding brittle star, Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidea)."]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"micro","Regional",4,450,"0.19","0.1475","0.1375",0.19,6,"yes","7 Boissin et al. (2008a) Amphipholis squamata micro NWM","yes","NWM","NA",null,"Lineage AI","Boissin et al. (2008a)","2008a","Defining reproductively isolated units in a cryptic and syntopic species complex using mitochondrial and nuclear markers: the brooding brittle star, Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidea)."]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"micro","Regional",4,450,"0.0957","0.2998","0.2131",0.0957,6,"yes","8 Boissin et al. (2008a) Amphipholis squamata micro NWM","yes","NWM","NA",null,"Lineage AIII","Boissin et al. (2008a)","2008a","Defining reproductively isolated units in a cryptic and syntopic species complex using mitochondrial and nuclear markers: the brooding brittle star, Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidea)."]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Regional",4,450,"0.036","0.0029","0.0034",0.009249743,6,"yes","9 Boissin et al. (2008a) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no","IBD","Lineage AI","Boissin et al. (2008a)","2008a","Defining reproductively isolated units in a cryptic and syntopic species complex using mitochondrial and nuclear markers: the brooding brittle star, Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidea)."]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"micro","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43167,450,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Boissin et al. (2008b)","2008b","Extreme selfing rates in the cosmopolitan brittle star species complex Amphipholis squamata: data from progeny-array and heterozygote deficiency"]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Direct development","weeks",14,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",3,546,"0.216","0.0588","0.006",0.064439141,3,"yes",null,"no","AEG","yes",null,"Lineage3","Boissin et al. (2011)",2011,"Did vicariance and adaptation drive cryptic speciation and evolution of brooding in Ophioderma longicauda (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), a common Atlanto-Mediterranean ophiuroid?"]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","weeks",14,"nuclear","Atlanto/Mediterranean",23,546,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Boissin et al. (2011)",2011,"Did vicariance and adaptation drive cryptic speciation and evolution of brooding in Ophioderma longicauda (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), a common Atlanto-Mediterranean ophiuroid?"]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","weeks",14,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean","23/13",3199,"0.002","-0.006","0.0083",null,28,"no",null,"no","Info not available","no",null,"Lineage1","Boissin et al. (2011)",2011,"Did vicariance and adaptation drive cryptic speciation and evolution of brooding in Ophioderma longicauda (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea), a common Atlanto-Mediterranean ophiuroid?"]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Mediterranean",12,451,"0.457","0.0035","0.7618",0.173830354,66,"yes","11 Boissin et al. (2015) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no","CHAOTIC","A3","Boissin et al. (2015)",2015,"Contrasting population genetic structures in Amphipholis squamata, a complex of brooding, self-reproducing sister species sharing life history traits"]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Mediterranean",8,365,"0.418","-0.0385","0.0566",0.152221413,28,"yes","12 Boissin et al. (2015) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no","CHAOTIC","B","Boissin et al. (2015)",2015,"Contrasting population genetic structures in Amphipholis squamata, a complex of brooding, self-reproducing sister species sharing life history traits"]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Mediterranean",4,284,"0.235","0.2987","0.1042",0.071320182,6,"yes","13 Boissin et al. (2015) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no","CHAOTIC","A2","Boissin et al. (2015)",2015,"Contrasting population genetic structures in Amphipholis squamata, a complex of brooding, self-reproducing sister species sharing life history traits"]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Mediterranean",10,451,"0.059","0.001","0.0021",0.015432906,45,"yes","14 Boissin et al. (2015) Amphipholis squamata mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no","CHAOTIC","A1","Boissin et al. (2015)",2015,"Contrasting population genetic structures in Amphipholis squamata, a complex of brooding, self-reproducing sister species sharing life history traits"]
["Crambe crambe","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Micro",1,0.005,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"yes",null,null,"Calderon et al.(2007)",2007,"Finding the relevant scale: clonality and genetic structure in a marine invertebrate (Crambe crambe, Porifera)."]
["Astroides calycularis","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Unknown","2-3 d",3,"micro","Mediterranean ",13,292,"0.116","0.0208","0.0032",0.116,78,"yes","15 Casado-Amezua et al. (2012) Astroides calycularis micro ALB","yes","ALB","yes","IBD",null,"Casado-Amezua et al. (2012)",2012,"Genetic assessment of population structure and connectivity in the threatened Mediterranean coral Astroides calycularis (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae) at different spatial scales."]
["Cladocora caespitosa","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","broadcaster","Unknown","2-3 d",3,"micro","Regional",4,446,"0.0302","-0.0088","0.0137",null,6,"no",null,"no","Info not available","no","NO GENETIC STRUCTURE","no infomation on pLD so we keep the same of Astroides calycularis","Casado-Amezua et al. (2014)",2014,"Regional genetic differentiation among populations of Cladocora caespitosa in the Western Mediterranean"]
["Echinaster sepositus","Echinodermata","Asteroidea","low","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","3 d",3,"mtDNA","Regional",4,1000,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Chatti et al. (2012)",2012,"Very low mitochondrial diversity and genetic homogeneity in the starfish Echinaster sepositus along the Tunisian coast."]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"micro","Regional",8,135,"0.143","0.009","0.0038",0.143,6,"yes","16 Costantini et al. (2007a) Corallium rubrum micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Costantini et al. (2007a)","2007a","Fine-scale genetic structuring in Corallium rubrum: evidence of inbreeding and limited effective larval dispersal"]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"nuclear","Mediterranean ",4,152,"0.273","0.6022","0.3259",null,6,"no",null,"no","NWM","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Costantini et al. (2007b)","2007b","Genetic structuring of the temperate gorgonian coral (Corallium rubrum) across the western Mediterranean Sea revealed by microsatellites and nuclear sequences."]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"micro","Mediterranean ",4,152,"0.166","-0.0808","0.0211",0.166,6,"yes","17 Costantini et al. (2007b) Corallium rubrum micro NWM","yes","NWM","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Costantini et al. (2007b)","2007b","Genetic structuring of the temperate gorgonian coral (Corallium rubrum) across the western Mediterranean Sea revealed by microsatellites and nuclear sequences."]
["Eunicella singularis","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2 d",2,"micro","Regional",8,15,"0.032","0.0052","0.0043",0.032,28,"yes","18 Costantini et al. (2016) Eunicella singularis micro NWM","yes","NWM","no","NO GENETIC STRUCTURE",null,"Costantini et al. (2016)",2016,"Limited Genetic Connectivity between Gorgonian Morphotypes along a Depth Gradient"]
["Spongia officinalis","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Mediterranean ",11,2953,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Dailianis et al. (2011)",2011,"Genetic diversity of the imperilled bath sponge Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 across the Mediterranean Sea: patterns of population differentiation and implications for taxonomy and conservation"]
["Spongia officinalis","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Mediterranean ",5,539,"0.051","0.0006","0.0116",0.051,10,"yes","19 Dailianis et al. (2011) Spongia officinalis micro AEG","yes","AEG","yes","IBD",null,"Dailianis et al. (2011)",2011,"Genetic diversity of the imperilled bath sponge Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 across the Mediterranean Sea: patterns of population differentiation and implications for taxonomy and conservation"]
["Spongia officinalis","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Mediterranean ",5,93,"0.0397","0.0038","0.0055",0.0397,10,"yes","20 Dailianis et al. (2011) Spongia officinalis micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Dailianis et al. (2011)",2011,"Genetic diversity of the imperilled bath sponge Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 across the Mediterranean Sea: patterns of population differentiation and implications for taxonomy and conservation"]
["Crambe crambe","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"nuclear","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43354,1100,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"yes",null,null,"Duran et al. (2004a)","2004a","Phylogeographical history of the sponge Crambe crambe (Porifera, Poecilosclerida): range expansion and recent invasion of the Macaronesian islands from the Mediterranean Sea"]
["Crambe crambe","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43354,1100,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"yes",null,"No possible to extrapolate only Mediterranean pairwise values","Duran et al. (2004b)","2004b","Strong population structure in the marine sponge Crambe crambe (Poecilosclerida) as revealed by microsatellite markers"]
["Crambe crambe","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",3,175,"0.561",18582,16253,0.242123435,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","no",null,"Excluded Atlantic pop.","Duran et al. (2004c)","2004c","Low levels of genetic variation in mtDNA sequences over the western Mediterranean and Atlantic range of the sponge Crambe crambe (Poecilosclerida)"]
["Echinaster sepositus","Echinodermata","Asteroidea","low","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","3 d",3,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",6,757,"0.0176","-0.0018","0.003",0.004458857,15,"yes","22 Garcia-Cisneros et al (2016) Echinaster sepositus mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no",null,null,"Garcia-Cisneros et al (2016)",2016,"Low genetic diversity and recent demographic expansion in the red starfish Echinaster sepositus (Retzius 1816)"]
["Echinaster sepositus","Echinodermata","Asteroidea","low","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","3 d",3,"micro","Atlanto/Mediterranean",6,757,"0.073","0.0159","0.0182",0.073,15,"yes","23 Garcia-Cisneros et al (2016) Echinaster sepositus micro NWM","yes","NWM","no",null,null,"Garcia-Cisneros et al (2016)",2016,"Low genetic diversity and recent demographic expansion in the red starfish Echinaster sepositus (Retzius 1816)"]
["Balanophyllia europaea","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Unknown","7-42 d",42,"allozyme","Mediterranean ",3,106,"0.1865","0.0904","0.0522",null,3,"no",null,"no","NWM","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Goffredo et al. (2004)",2004,"Genetic differentiation among populations of the Mediterranean hermaphroditic brooding coral Balanophyllia europaea (Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae)"]
["Leptopsamnia pruvoti","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","7-42 d",42,"allozyme","Regional",3,12,"0.061","0.0086","0.0134",null,3,"no",null,"no","ST","no","NO GENETIC STRUCTURE",null,"Goffredo et al. (2009)",2009,"Genetic differentiation of the temperate-subtropical stony coral Leptosamnia pruvoti in the Mediterranean Sea"]
["Leptopsamnia pruvoti","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","7-42 d",42,"allozyme","Regional",3,4,"0.036",{"$nulls":3},3,"no",null,"no","NWM","no","NO GENETIC STRUCTURE",null,"Goffredo et al. (2009)",2009,"Genetic differentiation of the temperate-subtropical stony coral Leptosamnia pruvoti in the Mediterranean Sea"]
["Paraleucilla magna","Porifera","Calcarea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Regional",3,0.05,"0.038","-0.0036","0.0107",0.038,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","NA","CHAOTIC","Including only year 2006 samples","Guardiola et al. (2012)",2012,"Genetic structure and differentiation at a short-time scale of the introduced calcarean sponge Paraleucilla magna to the western Mediterranean"]
["Paraleucilla magna","Porifera","Calcarea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Atlanto/Mediterranean",3,80,"0.087","0.0166","0.0149",0.087,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","yes",null,null,"Guardiola et al. (2016)",2016,"High genetic diversity. phenotypic plasticity. and invasive potential of a recently introduced calcareous sponge. fast spreading across the Atlanto?Mediterranean basin"]
["Chondrosia reniformis","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"nuclear","Atlanto/Mediterranean",4,34,"0.13",{"$nulls":4},"no",null,"no","NWM","NA",null,"Excluded Atlantic pop.","Lazoski et al. (2001)",2001,"Cryptic speciation in a high gene flow scenario in the oviparous marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis"]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"micro","Mediterranean ",31,1174,"0.089","0.0079","0.0008",0.089,465,"yes",null,"no","NWM","yes",null,null,"Ledoux et al. (2010a)","2010a","Genetic survey of shallow populations of the Mediterranean red coral [Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758)]: new insights into evolutionary processes shaping nuclear diversity and implications for conservation."]
["Corallium rubrum","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","4-12 d",12,"micro","Micro",1,"0.0007",{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Ledoux et al. (2010b)","2010b","Fine-scale genetic structure and inferences on population biology in the threatened Mediterranean red coral, Corallium rubrum."]
["Amphipholis squamata","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","low","brooder","Direct development","absent",0,"mtDNA","Micro",1,0.02,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"LeGac et al. (2004)",2004,"Identification of allopatric clades in the cosmopolitan ophiuroid species complex Amphipholis squamata (Echinodermata). The end of a paradox?"]
["Cystodytes dellechiajei","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","10 h",0,"mtDNA","Mediterranean ",3,783,"0.21","0.0169","0.1044",null,21,"no",null,"no","Info not available","NA","CHAOTIC",null,"Lopez-Legentil and Turon (2006)",2006,"Population genetics, phylogeography and speciation of Cystodytes (Ascidiacea) in the western Mediterranean Sea"]
["Botryllus schlosseri","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","hours",0,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",7,783,"0.342","0.0208","0.0164",0.114996638,21,"yes","27 Lopez-Legentil et al. (2006) Botryllus schlosseri mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no",null,"Excluded Atlantic pop.","Lopez-Legentil et al. (2006)",2006,"Genetic structure of the star sea squirt, Botryllus schlosseri, introduced in southern European harbours"]
["Eunicella cavolinii","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2 d",2,"micro","Mediterranean",12,50,"0.0412","0.0184","0.0051",0.0412,64,"yes","28 Masmoudi et al (2016) Eunicella cavolinii micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Masmoudi et al (2016)",2016,"Contrasted levels of genetic diversity in a benthic Mediterranean octocoral: Consequences of different demographic histories?"]
["Eunicella cavolinii","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2 d",2,"micro","Mediterranean",3,8,"0.0182","-0.0051","0.0116",0.0182,3,"yes",null,"no","SWM","yes","IBD",null,"Masmoudi et al (2016)",2016,"Contrasted levels of genetic diversity in a benthic Mediterranean octocoral: Consequences of different demographic histories?"]
["Astroides calycularis","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Unknown","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Mediterranean ",12,1849,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Merino-Serrais et al. (2012)",2012,"Slight genetic differentiation between western and eastern limits of Astroides calycularis (Pallas, 1776) (Anthozoa, Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae) distribution inferred from COI and ITS sequences"]
["Astroides calycularis","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Unknown","2-3 d",3,"nuclear","Mediterranean ",12,1849,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Merino-Serrais et al. (2012)",2012,"Slight genetic differentiation between western and eastern limits of Astroides calycularis (Pallas, 1776) (Anthozoa, Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae) distribution inferred from COI and ITS sequences"]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",23,"micro","Mediterranean ",7,22,"0.0563","0.0155","0.0032",0.0563,20,"yes","30 Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011) Paramuricea clavata micro NWM","yes","NWM",null,"IBD",null,"Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011)",2011,"From global to local genetic structuring in the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata: the interplay between oceanographic conditions and limited larval dispersal."]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",23,"micro","Mediterranean ",3,31,"0.053","0.0307","0.0184",0.053,3,"yes",null,"no","ALB",null,"IBD",null,"Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011)",2011,"From global to local genetic structuring in the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata: the interplay between oceanographic conditions and limited larval dispersal."]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",23,"micro","Mediterranean ",5,7,"0.044","0.0101","0.0059",0.044,10,"yes","32 Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011) Paramuricea clavata micro NWM","yes","NWM",null,"IBD",null,"Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011)",2011,"From global to local genetic structuring in the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata: the interplay between oceanographic conditions and limited larval dispersal."]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",23,"micro","Mediterranean ",12,12,"0.0348","0.003","0.0012",0.0348,66,"yes","33 Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011) Paramuricea clavata micro NWM","yes","NWM",null,"IBD",null,"Mokhtar-Jamai et al. (2011)",2011,"From global to local genetic structuring in the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata: the interplay between oceanographic conditions and limited larval dispersal."]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",3,"micro","Micro",1,"0.001",{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Mokhtar-Jamaiet al. (2013)",2013,"Role of evolutionary and ecological factors in the reproductive success and the spatial genetic structure of the temperate gorgonian Paramuricea clavata."]
["Spongia lamella","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43321,1500,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Noyer and Becerro (2012)",2012,"Relationship between genetic, chemical, and bacterial diversity in the Atlanto-Mediterranean bath sponge Spongia lamella"]
["Botryllus schlosseri","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","hours",0,"micro","Regional",3,329,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA","CHAOTIC",null,"Paz et al. (2003)",2003,"Genetic structure of Botryllus schlosseri (Tunicata) populations from the Mediterranean coast of Israel"]
["Pycnoclavella communis","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","hours",0,"mtDNA","Regional",3,60,"0.224","-0.0105","0.0698",0.067307692,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Perez-Portela and Turon (2008)",2008,"Cryptic divergence and strong population structure in the colonial invertebrate Pycnoclavella communis (Ascidiacea) inferred from molecular data."]
["Pycnoclavella communis","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","hours",0,"micro","Regional",{"$nulls":7},"no",null,"no","Info not available","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Perez-Portela and Turon (2008)",2008,"Cryptic divergence and strong population structure in the colonial invertebrate Pycnoclavella communis (Ascidiacea) inferred from molecular data."]
["Marthasterias glacialis","Echinodermata","Asteroidea","high","broadcaster","Planktotrophic","127 d",127,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43110,{"$nulls":6},"no",null,"no",null,"no",null,null,"Perez-Portela et al. (2010)",2010,"Phylogeography of the sea star Marthasterias glacialis (Asteroidea, Echinodermata): deep genetic divergence between mitochondrial lineages in the north-western mediterranean"]
["Ophiothrix fragilis","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Planktotrophic","21â€“26 d",26,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",3,482,"0.021","0.0043","0.0013",0.005334011,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","NA",null,"Lineage II- 16s - Excluded Atlantic pop.","Perez-Portela et al. (2013)",2013,"Cryptic speciation and genetic structure of widely distributed brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) in Europe"]
["Ophiothrix fragilis","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Planktotrophic","21â€“26 d",26,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",3,482,"0.007","-0.001","0.0063",0.001759236,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","NA",null,"Lineage II - COI - Exluded Atlantic pop.","Perez-Portela et al. (2013)",2013,"Cryptic speciation and genetic structure of widely distributed brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) in Europe"]
["Spongia lamella","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Atlanto/Mediterranean",6,408,"0.0856","-0.0025","0.0063",0.0856,15,"yes","37 Perez-Portela et al. (2015) Spongia lamella micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes",null,null,"Perez-Portela et al. (2015)",2015,"Genetic structure and diversity of the endangered bath sponge Spongia lamella"]
["Eunicella singularis","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2 d",2,"micro","Regional",2,530,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Pey et al. (2013)",2013,"Thermal threshold and sensitivity of the only symbiotic Mediterranean gorgonian Eunicella singularis by morphometric and genotypic analyses."]
["Paramuricea clavata","Cnidaria","Anthozoa","low","ex brooder","Lecithotrophic","6-23 d",23,"micro","Regional",6,93,"0.118","0.0382","0.0057",0.118,15,"yes","38 Pilczynska et al. (2016) Paramuricea clavata micro NWM","yes","NWM","yes","IBD",null,"Pilczynska et al. (2016)",2016,"Genetic diversity and local connectivity in the Mediterranean red gorgonian coral after mass mortality events"]
["Ircinia fasciculata","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"micro","Mediterranean ",5,260,"0.026","0.0041","0.0033",0.026,10,"yes","39 Riesgo et al (2016) Ircinia fasciculata micro NWM","yes","NWM","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Riesgo et al (2016)",2016,"Population structure and connectivity in the Mediterranean sponge Ircinia fasciculata are affected by mass mortalities and hybridization"]
["Ophiothrix fragilis","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Planktotrophic","21â€“26 d",26,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",4,133,"0.0534","0.0059","0.0053",0.013906974,6,"yes","40 Taboada&Portela (2016) Ophiothrix fragilis mtDNA NWM","yes","NWM","no",null,null,"Taboada&Portela (2016)",2016,"Contrasted phylogeographic patterns on mitochondrial DNA of shallow and deep brittle stars across the Atlantic-Mediterranean area"]
["Ophiothrix sp. II","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Planktotrophic","21â€“26 d",26,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",3,468,"0.011","0.0035","0.001",0.002772876,3,"yes",null,"no","NWM","no",null,"PANMISSIA","Taboada&Portela (2016)",2016,"Contrasted phylogeographic patterns on mitochondrial DNA of shallow and deep brittle stars across the Atlantic-Mediterranean area"]
["Clavelina lepadiformis","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Regional",6,196,"0.581","-0.2029","0.1461",null,15,"no",null,"no","NWM","NA",null,"GammaST (yST)","Tarjuelo et al. (2001)",2001,"Cryptic species of Clavelina (Ascidiacea) in two different habitats: harbours and rocky littoral zones in the northwestern Mediterranean"]
["Pseudodistoma crucigaster","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","10 h",0,"mtDNA","Regional",3,113,"0.772",32629,104131,null,3,"no",null,"no","NWM","NA",null,"GammaST (yST)","Tarjuelo et al. (2004)",2004,"Phylogeography and speciation of colour morphs in the colonial ascidian Pseudodistoma crucigaster"]
["Pseudodistoma crucigaster","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","10 h",0,"mtDNA","Regional",4,145,"0.646",11136,"0.9316",null,6,"no",null,"no","BAL","NA",null,"GammaST (yST)","Tarjuelo et al. (2004)",2004,"Phylogeography and speciation of colour morphs in the colonial ascidian Pseudodistoma crucigaster"]
["Clavelina lepadiformis","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43229,195,{"$nulls":5},"no",null,"no",null,"NA",null,null,"Turon et al. (2003)",2003,"Characterising invasion processes with genetic data: an Atlantic clade of Clavelina lepadiformis (Ascidiacea) introduced into Mediterranean harbours"]
["Chondrosia reniformis","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Mediterranean","NA",{"$nulls":6},"no",null,"no","Info not available","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Villamor et al. (2014)",2014,"Genetic structuring across marine biogeographic boundaries in rocky shore invertebrates."]
["Halocynthia papillosa","Tunicata","Ascidiacea","high","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","2 weeks",14,"mtDNA","Mediterranean","NA",{"$nulls":6},"no",null,"no","Info not available","no","CHAOTIC",null,"Villamor et al. (2014)",2014,"Genetic structuring across marine biogeographic boundaries in rocky shore invertebrates."]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","brooder","Direct development","weeks",14,"mtDNA","Regional",7,400,"0.174",null,null,0.050028752,21,"yes",null,"no","AEG","no",null,"C6","Weber et al. (2015)",2015,"Influence of the larval phase on connectivity: strong differences in the genetic structure of brooders and broadcasters in the Ophioderma longicauda species complex"]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","weeks",14,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",8,460,"0.068",null,null,0.017913593,28,"yes",null,"no","NWM","no","NO GENETIC STRUCTURE","C3","Weber et al. (2015)",2015,"Influence of the larval phase on connectivity: strong differences in the genetic structure of brooders and broadcasters in the Ophioderma longicauda species complex"]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","brooder","Direct development","weeks",14,"mtDNA","Regional",6,342,"0.321","0.0275","0.0202",0.105696411,15,"yes","42 Weber et al. (2015) Ophioderma longicauda mtDNA AEG","yes","AEG","no","CHAOTIC","C5","Weber et al. (2015)",2015,"Influence of the larval phase on connectivity: strong differences in the genetic structure of brooders and broadcasters in the Ophioderma longicauda species complex"]
["Ophioderma longicauda","Echinodermata","Ophiuroidea","high","broadcaster","Lecithotrophic","weeks",14,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",6,293,"0.082","-0.0008","0.0019",0.021843367,15,"yes","43 Weber et al. (2015) Ophioderma longicauda mtDNA AEG","yes","AEG","no",null,"C3","Weber et al. (2015)",2015,"Influence of the larval phase on connectivity: strong differences in the genetic structure of brooders and broadcasters in the Ophioderma longicauda species complex"]
["Phorbas fictitius","Porifera","Demospongiae","low","brooder","Lecithotrophic","2-3 d",3,"mtDNA","Atlanto/Mediterranean",43111,{"$nulls":6},"no",null,"no",null,"no",null,null,"Xavier et al. (2010)",2010,"Phylogeography, genetic diversity and structure of the poecilosclerid sponge Phorbas fictitius at oceanic islands."]

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