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["Additional file 1"]
["Collection data for exemplar specimens, and taxonomic and ecological background information. "]
["Excel file containing collection data for the specimens used in the study, as well as species numbers, geographical distributions, larval lifestyles, and collective host ranges of genera, subgenera, and species groups within the Higher Nematinae."]
[]
[]
["Table 1. Classification of the Higher Nematinae, estimated species numbers and ecological background information for various higher-nematine taxa, and collection data for the included exemplars. The classification mainly follows Smith (1979), Lacourt (1998, 1999), and Nyman et al. (2006), but morphologically defined taxa that are poly- or paraphyletic according to our phylogenetic results are indicated. Note that because of unclassified species, numbers may not add up onto higher levels in the taxonomic hierarchy. References used to compile the data are listed below the table (see also Supplementary Table 1 in Nyman et al. 2006)."]
[]
[]
["Tribe","Genus","Subgenus","Species-group","Status according to phylogeny","Number of species","Number of exemplar species","Distribution","Larval habit(s)","Host genera","Exemplar species","Abbreviation","Extract","Collection ref. #","Stage","Host","Location","Date","Notes","Collector","Host species","Host genera","Host families","CoI","Cytb","EF-1a"]
[]
["Nematini",{"$nulls":3},"Monophyletic",">800","84"]
[]
[null,"Amauronematus",null,null,"Para- and polyphyletic","120","19","Holarctic","External or intermediate","Salix, Populus, Betula, Vaccinium, Rhododendron, Potentilla"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"A. histrio -group","Paraphyletic","40","6","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Vaccinium"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus nuorbinjargi Saarinen","1n.A.nuo","1n","08040","Ad. F","…","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","17.vi.2008","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Salix hastata","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus histrio -group","Xc.A.his","Xc","04109","Ad. F","…","Monte Baldo, Italy","26.vi.2004","Will be described by S. Schmidt","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus histrio -group","7c.A.his","7c","05065","Ad. F","…","Korvua, Suomussalmi, Finland","08.vi.2005","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus histrio -group","2d.A.his","2d","\"20\", \"3\"","Ad. F","…","Somerset Island, Canada","09.viii.1999","D. R. Smith det.: A. \"similis\"","Jens Rydell, Heikki Roininen","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus histrio -group","5e.A.his","5e","02115","Ad. F","…","Mount Washington, Vancouver Island, Canada","15.vii.2002","D. R. Smith det.: A. \"similis\"","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus histrio -group","5n.A.his","5n","02187","Ad. F","…","Mount Seymour, BC, Canada","17.-22.vii.2002","D. R. Smith det.: A. \"similis\"","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","-"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"A. longiserra -group","Monophyletic","6","4","Holarctic","Rudimentary-gall-inducers-to-external-feeders","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus abnormis (Holmgren)","6f.A.abn","6f","06048","Ad. F","…","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","22.vi.2006","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Salix herbacea, S. polaris, S. retusa","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus eiteli Saarinen","M2.A.eit","M2","01074","Larva","Salix pentandra","Parikkala, Finland","24.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix pentandra","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus longicauda (Hellén)","F4.A.lon","F4","01015","Ad. F","...","Nuorgam, Finland","08.vi.2001","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman, Veli Vikberg","Salix glauca, S. lanata","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus spiniserra Malaise","9a.A.spi","9a","02311","Larva","Salix phylicifolia","Janakkala, Finland","…","K2b/02 (= A. neglectus (Kirby))","Veli Vikberg","Salix phylicifolia","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"A. sagmarius -group","Belongs to Nematus","3","1","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus nimbus Benson","9m.A.nim","9m","08081","Ad. F","…","Tromsö, Flöya, Norway","21.vi.2008","V. Vikberg det.","Marko Prous","Salix lapponum, S. phylicifolia","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"A. vittatus -group","…","7","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus vittatus -group","9d.A.vit","9d","04029","Ad. F","…","Oulu, Finland","29.v.2004","Collected on Salix repens","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"Unclassified Amauronematus species","Polyphyletic (A. berolinensis belong to Nematus)",">50","7","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Populus, Betula, Vaccinium, Rhododendron, Potentilla"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus amplus Konow","A5.A.amp","A5","01019","Ad. F","...","Nuorgam, Pulmankijärvi, Finland","08.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Betula spp.","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus berolinensis (Muche)","1e.A.ber","1e","7, /P263 (B11)","Ad. M","…","Kevo, Finland","…","Reared lab individual","Lauri Kapari","Betula spp.","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus brunneus Norton","4m.A.bru","4m","03077","Ad. F","…","Petersham, MA, USA","10.-20.v.2003","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus godmani Benson","8n.A.god","8n","04080","Ad. F","…","Vent, Austria","19.vi.2004","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Salix reticulata, S. retusa, S. herbacea","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus humeralis (Serville)","1d.A.hum","1d","05066","Ad. F","…","Korvua, Suomussalmi, Finland","08.vi.2005","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Salix aurita, S. caprea, S. cinerea, S. starkeana","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus krausi Taeger & Blank","4f.A.kra","4f","05085","Ad. F","…","Kiiminki, Finland","11.vi.2005","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Populus tremula","Populus","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Amauronematus toeniatus (Serville)","9c.A.toe","9c","04004","Ad. F","…","Oulu, Finland","02.-09.v.2004","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Bacconematus",null,null,"Monotypic","1","1","Palearctic","Berry gallers","Ribes"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Bacconematus pumilio (Konow)","H5.B.pum","H5","02310","Larva","Ribes nigrum","Turenki, Finland","03.vii.2002","...","Veli Vikberg","Ribes nigrum","Ribes","Grossulariaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Brachycoluma",null,null,"Monophyletic","15","3","Holarctic","Shoot growth distorters","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Brachycoluma sp.","9e.B.sp.","9e","04001","Ad. F","…","Oulu, Finland","02.-09.v.2004","…","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Brachycoluma sp.","N6.B.sp.","N6","...","Larva","Salix pentandra","Joensuu, Finland","12.vi.1996","...","Heikki Roininen","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Brachycoluma viduata (Zetterstedt)","H6.B.vid","H6 (=PX)","02316","Larva","Salix myrsinifolia","Parikkala, Finland","01.vi.2002","…","Heikki Roininen","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","-","+"]
[]
[null,"Craesus",null,null,"Monophyletic","20","3","Holarctic","External feeders","Alnus, Betula, Corylus, Carpinus, Castanea, Platycarya, Juglans"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Craesus alniastri (Scharfenberg)","3b.C.aln","3b","P1778A","Larva","Alnus glutinosa","Grimminge, Belgium","04.ix.2000","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Alnus glutinosa, A. incana","Alnus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Craesus latipes (Villaret)","2m.C.lat","2m","08127","Larva","Betula sp.","Austria","ix.2002","(=P2271)","Ewald Altenhofer","Betula pendula, B. pubescens, B. alba, Alnus viridis","Betula, Alnus","Betulaceae","-","-","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Craesus septentrionalis (Linné)","G4.C.sep","G4","P1778B","Larva","Alnus glutinosa","Grimminge, Belgium","04.ix.2000","...","Jean-Luc Boevé","Alnus spp., Betula spp., Corylus spp.","Alnus, Betula, Corylus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Eitelius",null,null,"Monophyletic","2","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Eitelius dentatus Kontuniemi","M3.E.den","M3","02315","Larva","Salix phylicifolia","Janakkala, Finland","07.vii.2001","6758:372","Veli Vikberg","Salix phylicifolia","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Eitelius gregarius (Marlatt)","E4.E.gre","E4","098013","Larva","Salix discolor","Ithaca, NY, USA",1997,"AZ #41","Alexey Zinovjev","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Epicenematus",null,null,"…","3","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Picea"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Epicenematus montanus (Zaddach)","F1.E.mon","F1","Par-96 #10","Larva","Picea abies","Parikkala, Finland","12.vii.1996","...","Alexey Zinovjev, Heikki Roininen","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Fagineura",null,null,"…","2","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Fagus, Quercus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Fagineura crenativora Vikberg & Zinovjev","N2.F.cre","N2","03007","Ad. F","...","Mount Tanzawa, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan","24.iv.2003","Reared","Akira Yamagami","Fagus crenata, F. japonica","Fagus","Fagaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Larinematus",null,null,"…","3","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Larix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Larinematus imperfectus Zhelochovtsev","H9.L.imp","H9","02304","Larva","Larix sibirica","Janakkala, Finland","03.vi.2002","6761:371","Veli Vikberg","Larix decidua, Larix sibirica","Larix","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Nematus",null,null,"Paraphyletic","150","31","Holarctic","External feeders"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Nematus",null,"…","1","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Prunus, Crataegus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus lucidus (Panzer)","5f.N.luc","5f","P2734","Larva","Prunus spinosa","Wellin, Belgium","16.vi.2006","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Prunus spp., Crataegus spp.","Prunus, Crataegus","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Hypolaepus (+ N. abbotii -group)",null,"…","7","1","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Rumex, Robinia"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus caeruleocarpus Hartig","6c.N.cae","6c","04099","Ad. F","…","Hintertux, Austria","23.vi.2004","…","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp., Populus spp.","Salix, Populus","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Lindqvistia",null,"…","30","1","Holarctic","External feeders","Vaccinium, Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus reticulatus Holmgren","2f.N.ret","2f","05173","Ad. F","…","Tana Bru - Berlevåg, Norway","02.vii.2005","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Vaccinium myrtillus","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Kontuniemiana",null,"…","9","1","Holarctic","External feeders","Ribes"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus ribesii (Scopoli)","F5.N.rib","F5","RW #4","Larva","Ribes rubrum","Ruokolahti, Finland","10.vii.1994","...","Heikki Roininen","Ribes spp.","Ribes","Grossulariaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Alpinematus",null,"…","1","0","Palearctic","Unknown","Unknown"]
[]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Pteronidea",null,"Paraphyletic","90","27","Holarctic","External feeders","Betula, Alnus, Corylus, Ostrya, Salix, Populus, Fagus, Rhododendron, Vaccinium, Robinia, Trifolium, Vicia, Lathyrus, Astragalus, Gleditsia, Onobrychis, Polygonum, Spiraea, Aruncus, Potentilla…"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"N. ferrugineus -group","Monophyletic","10","3","Palearctic","External feeders","Salix, Corylus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus bohemani Thomson","6m.N.boh","6m","08125","Larva","Salix phylicifolia","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","13.viii.2008","…","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus ferrugineus -group","XX.N.fer","XX","01181","Ad. F","Salix lapponum","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","11.viii.2001","Reared, emerged 04.i.2002","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus melanocephalus Hartig","6b.N.mcp","6b","P1788","Larva","Salix alba","Grimminge, Belgium","04.ix.2000","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Corylus avellana, Salix spp., Betula spp., Populus spp., Ulmus spp.","Corylus, Salix, Betula, Populus, Ulmus","Betulaceae, Salicaceae, Ulmaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"N. miliaris (+ magus) -group","…","5","1","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Fagus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus miliaris (Panzer)","M1.N.mil","M1","01176","Larva","Salix caprea","Joensuu, Finland","28.viii.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"N. ventralis -group","…","8","0","Nearctic","External feeders","Salix, Populus"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"N. atriceps -group","Monophyletic","4","2","Holarctic","External feeders or facultative flower-feeders","Trifolium, Onobrychis, Vicia, Lathyrus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus atriceps -group","8e.N.atr","8e","02138","Ad. F","…","Petersham, MA, USA","22.v.2002","…","Tommi Nyman","Trifolium spp.","Trifolium","Fabaceae","+","+","-"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus myosotidis (Fabricius)","Xf.N.myo","Xf","P2755","Larva","Trifolium sp.","Ortho, Belgium","11.vii.2006","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Onobrychis spp., Vicia spp., Trifolium spp., Lathyrus spp.","Onobrychis, Vicia, Trifolium, Lathyrus","Fabaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"N. erythrogaster -group","Monophyletic","5","2","Nearctic","External feeders","Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Corylus, Ostrya, Hamamelis"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus carpini (Marlatt)","1p.N.car","1p","08185","Ad. F","…","Turkey Run Park, Fairfax Co., Virginia, USA","3.-25.viii.2008","…","David R. Smith","Carpinus caroliniana","Carpinus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus erythrogaster Norton","2p.N.ery","2p","08186","Larva","Alnus glutinosa","2 mi S Boyce, Clarke Co., Virginia, USA","07.viii.1990","…","David R. Smith","Alnus spp., Betula spp.","Alnus, Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","-"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"N. oligospilus -group","Polyphyletic","20","6","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Populus, Azalea, Betula, Robinia, Gleditsia"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus lipovskyi Smith","K8.N.lip","K8","02054","Ad. F","...","Petersham, MA, USA","07.-14.v.2002","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Azalea","Azalea","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus oligospilus Förster","4n.N.oli","4n","08171","Larva","Salix fragilis","New South Wales, Australia","15.i.2008","Non-native introduced invasive species in Australia","Valerie Caron","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","-"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus pinguidorsum Dyar","6e.N.pin","6e","02233","Ad. F","…","Petersham, MA, USA","22.-29.v.2002","…","Tommi Nyman","Betula spp.","Betula","Betulaceae","-","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus tibialis Newman","3a.N.tib","3a","P2599","Larva","Robinia pseudoacacia","Uccle, Belgium","09.vi.2005","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Robinia pseudoacacia, Gleditsia triacanthos","Robinia, Gleditsia","Fabaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus viridescens Cameron","8d.N.vdc","8d","(LK)36/P443(B124)","Ad. F","…","Kevo, Finland","…","Reared lab individual (= N. poecilonotus Zaddach)","Lauri Kapari","Betula spp.","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","-"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus zebratus (Kincaid)","4e.N.zeb","4e","02110","Ad. F","…","Mount Washington, Vancouver Island, Canada","15.vii.2002","(Collected on Vaccinium)","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"Unplaced sg. Pteronidea species",null,"Polyphyletic",">20","13","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Populus, Alnus, Betula, Spiraea, Aruncus…"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus brevivalvis Thomson","8c.N.bre","8c","29, P477(B92)","Ad. F","…","Kevo, Finland","…","…","Lauri Kapari","Betula pendula, B. pubescens","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus distinguendus (Enslin)","8a.N.dis","8a","02307","Larva","Salix fragilis","Turenki, Finland","…","K3/02 (Note: Listed as Amauronematus distinguendus in LAC99 and Taeger et al. (1998))","Veli Vikberg","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus hypoxanthus Förster","5b.N.hyp","5b","P2248","Larva","Salix caprea","Grimminge, Belgium","17.x.2002","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","-","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus leionotus -group","4d.N.lei","4d","01014","Ad. F","…","Pulmankijärvi, Finland","08.vi.2001","…","Tommi Nyman","Betula pendula, B. pubescens","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus melanaspis Hartig","D6.N.mel","D6","01092","Ad. F","Salix pentandra","Parikkala, Finland","24.vi.2001","Ex larva, eclosed 23.vii.2001","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp., Populus spp.","Salix, Populus","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus nigricornis Serville","7f.N.ngc","7f","P2750","Larva","Populus tremula","Tellin, Belgium","10.vii.2006","Not feeding on Salix - cf. Taeger et al. (1998), A. Liston pers. comm ","Jean-Luc Boevé","Populus tremula, Betula pendula","Populus, Betula","Betulaceae, Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus pavidus Serville","8b.N.pav","8b","P1793","Larva","Salix caprea","Grimminge, Belgium","04.ix.2000","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Salix spp., Populus tremula","Salix, Populus","Salicaceae","+","-","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus salicis (Linné)","5m.N.sal","5m","08130","Larva","Salix fragilis?","Joensuu, Finland","26.vii.1994","…","Heikki Roininen","Salix fragilis, S. alba, S. pentandra","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus spiraeae Zaddach","7d.N.spi","7d","P2590","Reared F","Aruncus dioicus","Berlin, Germany","24.v.2005","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Aruncus dioicus, Spiraea salicifolia","Aruncus, Spiraea","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus stichi (Enslin)","Xb.N.sti","Xb","P1748","Larva","Salix caprea","Transinne, Belgium","01.viii.2000","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","-","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus torneensis (Malaise)","Xd.N.tor","Xd","(LK)74 818 (2001:H129)","Ad. F","…","Kevo, Finland","…","V.Vikberg det.","Lauri Kapari","Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus tricolor Marlatt","3m.N.tri","3m","03119","Ad. F","…","Petersham, MA, USA","16.-24.vi.2003","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","-","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematus viridissimus Möller","9b.N.vsm","9b","P2648-9","Larva","Alnus glutinosa","Grune, Belgium","19.vii.2005","(= N. prasinus)","Jean-Luc Boevé","Alnus glutinosa, A. incana","Alnus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Pachynematus",null,null,"Polyphyletic","30","4","Holarctic","External feeders","Carex, Agrostis, Festuca, Poa, Alopecurus, Bromus, Brometalia, Dactylis, Hordeum, Juncus, Lolium, Phalaris, Triticum, Agropyron, Eriophorum"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"P. clitellatus -group","Monophyletic","20","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Poaceae, Carex"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pachynematus kirbyi (Dahlbom)","B7.P.kir","B7","01084","Ad. M","...","Mekrijärvi, Salmisuo, Finland","08.vii.2001","(= P. clitellatus)","Tommi Nyman","Agrostis stolonifera, Calamagrostis canescens, Holcus mollis, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis, Carex spp., Juncus spp., etc.","Agrostis, Calamagrostis, Holcus, Phleum, Poa, Carex, Juncus, etc.","Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Juncaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pachynematus sp.","7n.P.sp.","7n","…","Ad. F","…","Vaitka, Estonia","27.v.2001","…","Mikk Heidemaa","…","…","Poaceae, Cyperaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"P. vagus -group","Polyphyletic","10","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Poaceae, Carex"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pachynematus corniger (Norton)","7e.P.cor","7e","02139","Ad. F","…","Petersham, MA, USA","22.v.2002","(Collected on Rhododendron, but Vaccinium around)","Tommi Nyman","Carex spp.","Carex","Cyperaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pachynematus obductus (Hartig)","7a.P.obd","7a","VV04","Larva","…","Turenki, Finland","14.x.2004","6758:373","Veli Vikberg","Dactylis glomerata, Elymus repens, Phleum pratense, Poa sp., Festuca sp., Carex spp., etc.","Dactylis, Elymus, Phleum, Poa, Carex, etc.","Poaceae, Cyperaceae","-","-","+"]
[]
[null,"Paranematus",null,null,"…","6","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Lonicera, Symphoricarpos"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Paranematus tulunensis (Vikberg)","F6.P.tul","F6",97029,"Ad. F","Lonicera tatarica","St. Petersburg, Russia","14.vii.1997","...","Alexey Zinovjev","Lonicera tatarica, L. xylosteum, Symphoricarpos albus","Lonicera, Symphoricarpos","Caprifoliaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Pikonema",null,null,"Monophyletic","6","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Picea"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pikonema dimmockii (Cresson)","J4.P.dim","J4","02194","Ad. F","...","Mount Seymour, BC, Canada","13.-17.vii.2002","...","Tommi Nyman","Picea spp.","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pikonema scutellatum (Hartig)","E7.P.scu","E7","Par-96 #1","Larva","Picea abies","Parikkala, Finland","06.vii.1996","...","Heikki Roininen, Alexey Zinovjev","Picea abies, P. obovata","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Polynematus",null,null,"…","6","1","Holarctic","Inflorescence or external feeders","Rumex, Polygonum"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Polynematus annulatus (Gimmerthal)","G5.P.ann","G5","02313","Larva","Rumex longifolius","Turenki, Finland","13.vi.2002","K8/02","Veli Vikberg","Rumex spp.","Rumex","Polygonaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Pontopristia",null,null,"Monophyletic","12","3","Holarctic","Catkin stem or pistil miners","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontopristia sp.","2a.P.sp.","2a","05132","Larva","Salix lapponum","Pulmankijärvi, Finland","01.vii.2005","Catkin borer (undescribed species?)","Tommi Nyman","Salix lapponum","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontopristia sp.","KX.P.sp.","KX","02173","Larva","Salix candida","Churchill, MB, Canada","01.viii.2002","Seed feeder","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontopristia sp.","A7.P.sp.","A7","01026","Larva","Salix myrsinifolia","Joensuu, Finland","10.vi.2001","Seed feeder","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Phyllocolpa",null,null,"Paraphyletic","90","3","Holarctic","Leaf folders or rollers","Salix, Populus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Phyllocolpa carinifrons (Benson)","C2.P.crf","C2",98120,"Larva","Salix pentandra","Kesälahti, Finland","16.vii.1998","(= P. excavata)","Heikki Roininen","Salix pentandra","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Phyllocolpa leucosticta (Hartig)","9n.P.cta","9n","06087","Larva","Salix caprea","Korvua, Suomussalmi, Finland","24.vii.2006","…","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Phyllocolpa cf. tuberculata","E9.P.tub","E9",97063,"Larva","Salix starkeana","20 km S St. Petersburg, Russia","15.vi.1997","AZ # 06,014","Alexey Zinovjev","Salix starkeana","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Pontania",null,null,"Paraphyletic",">200","5","Holarctic (+ Oriental?)","Leaf gallers (various galls)","Salix"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Pontania",null,"Monophyletic","70","2","Holarctic","Leaf gallers (leaf blade bean and sausage galls)","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontania bridgmanii (Cameron)","C4.P.bri","C4",98121,"Larva","Salix starkeana","Puhos, Finland","24.vii.1998","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontania dolichura (Thomson)","C3.P.dol","C3",98144,"Larva","Salix phylicifolia","Keret, White Sea, Russia","02.viii.1998","(=Pontania femoralis Cameron)","Tommi Nyman","Salix phylicifolia","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Eupontania",null,"Monophyletic","150","3","Holarctic (+ Oriental?)","Leaf gallers (midrib bean and pea galls)","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontania aestiva (Thomson)","C5.P.aes","C5",98355,"Larva","Salix borealis","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","21.viii.1998","(=Pontania gallarum Hartig)","Tommi Nyman","Salix myrsinifolia, S. borealis","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontania herbaceae (Cameron)","C7.P.her","C7",98298,"Larva","Salix herbacea/polaris","Abisko, Sweden","16.viii.1998","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix herbacea, S. polaris","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pontania pustulator (Forsius)","AX.P.pus","AX","01111","Larva","Salix phylicifolia","Taivalkoski, Finland","30.vii.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix phylicifolia, S. pulchra","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Euura",null,null,"Monophyletic","100","3","Holarctic","Shoot, bud, or petiole gallers","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Euura atra -group","C8.E.atr","C8","01117","Larva","Salix starkeana","Puhos, Finland","03.viii.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix starkeana","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Euura lanatae Malaise","T2.E.lan","T2 (=C9)",98024,"Ad. F","Salix lanata","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","15.viii.1997","Reared, emerged 06.iv.1998","Tommi Nyman","Salix lanata","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Euura venusta (Brischke)","CX.E.ven","CX","00038","Larva","Salix aurita","Joensuu, Finland","20.viii.2000","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix aurita, S. caprea","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[]
["Mesoneurini",{"$nulls":3},"…","8","1"]
[]
[null,"Mesoneura (incl. Moricella)",null,null,"…","8","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Quercus, Cinnamomum"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Mesoneura opaca (Fabricius)","G6.M.opa","G6","P1819","Larva","Quercus sp.","Overijse, Belgium","26.v.2001","...","Jean-Luc Boevé","Quercus spp.","Quercus","Fagaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[]
["Pristiphorini",{"$nulls":3},"Monophyletic",">150","40"]
[]
[null,"Pristiphora",null,null,"Para- and polyphyletic",">120","33","Holarctic + Neotropical + Oriental"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Gymnonychus",null,"Polyphyletic","5","3","Holarctic","External feeders","Prunus, Malus, Pyrus, Rosa, Potentilla"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora biscalis (Förster)","5c.P.bis","5c","P2106","Larva","Prunus spinosa","Ave-et-Auffe, Belgium","29.v.2002","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Prunus spinosa, Rosa spp., Potentilla fruticosa","Prunus, Rosa, Potentilla","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora maesta (Zaddach)","Xe.P.mae","Xe","…","Larva","Malus sylvestris","Vellavere, Estonia","20.vi.2000","…","Mikk Heidemaa","Malus spp.","Malus","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora retusa (Thomson)","5a.P.ret","5a","…","Larva","Prunus padus","Janakkala, Finland","02.vi.2003","…","Veli Vikberg","Prunus padus","Prunus","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Lygaeonematus",null,"Paraphyletic","22","9","Palearctic","External feeders","Picea, Larix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora abietina (Christ)","F2.P.abi","F2",97045,"Larva","Picea abies","Suida River, St. Petersburg, Russia","13.vii.1997","...","Alexey Zinovjev","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora compressa (Hartig)","1c.P.com","1c","P2615","Larva","Picea abies","Wellin, Belgium","10.vi.2005","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora erichsonii (Hartig)","K7.P.eri","K7","02302","Larva","Larix sibirica","Janakkala, Finland","18.vii.2002","6761:371","Veli Vikberg","Larix spp.","Larix","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora gerula (Konow)","8m.P.ger","8m",97055,"Larva","…","Suida River, Russia","30.vi.1997","…","Alexey Zinovjev","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora leucopodia (Hartig)","1f.P.lpd","1f","04042","Ad. M","…","Oulu, Finland","23.v.-08.vi.2004","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora nigriceps (Hartig)","2b.P.nps","2b","P2315","Larva","Picea abies","Brandenbachtal, Germany","29.v.2003","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora pallida (Konow)","4c.P.pal","4c","P2314","Larva","Picea abies","Brandenbachtal, Germany","29.v.2003","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora saxesenii (Hartig)","2c.P.sax","2c",97056,"Larva","…","Suida River, Russia","30.vi.1997","AZ 06.048","Alexey Zinovjev","Picea spp.","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora wesmaeli (Tischbein)","3c.P.wes","3c","P1758","Larva","Larix sp.","Tellin, Belgium","07.viii.2000","…","Jean-Luc Boevé","Larix spp.","Larix","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Lygaeophora",null,"Monophyletic","10","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora (Lygaeophora) sp. ","M5.P.Lyg","M5 (=DX)","01020","Ad. F","...","Nuorgam, Pulmankijärvi, Finland","08.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Salix spp.","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora reuteri (Lindqvist)","4b.P.reu","4b","…","Larva","…","…","…","Oviposition experiment code 2/05","Veli Vikberg","Salix phylicifolia","Salix","Salicaceae","+","+","-"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Lygaeotus",null,"Polyphyletic","20","5","Holarctic","External feeders","Betula, Salix, Vaccinium"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora alpestris (Konow)","M4.P.alp","M4 (=A8)","01001","Ad. F","...","Kevo, Finland","...","Reared lab individual","Lauri Kapari","Betula pubescens, B. pendula","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora carinata (Hartig)","2n.P.car","2n","08082","Ad. F","…","Tromsö, Flöya, Norway","21.vi.2008","V. Vikberg det.","Marko Prous","Vaccinium myrtillus","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora coactula (Ruthe)","F3.P.coa","F3","01013","Ad. F","...","Nuorgam, Pulmankijärvi, Finland","08.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman, Veli Vikberg","Vaccinium spp.","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora mollis (Hartig)","D9.P.mol","D9","01012","Ad. F","...","Nuorgam, Pulmankijärvi, Finland","08.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman, Matti Viitasaari","Vaccinium myrtillus, V. uliginosum","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","-","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora (Lygaeotus) sp.","3n.P.Lyo","3n","08054","Ad. F","…","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","17.vi.2008","V. Vikberg det.","Marko Prous","Vaccinium sp.","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Oligonematus",null,"…","3","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Larix"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora laricis (Hartig)","1b.P.lar","1b","03121","Larva","Larix sp.","Turenki, Finland","15.vii.2003","…","Veli Vikberg","Larix decidua, Larix sibirica","Larix","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Sala",null,"…","10","1","Holarctic + Neotropical","External feeders + one leaf roller)","Quercus (+ Salix, Betula, Prunus, Crataegus, Quercus, Ribes, Astragalus, Oxytropis, Vicia, Tilia?)"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora chlorea (Norton)","K9.P.chl","K9","02058","Ad. F","...","Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA, USA","04.vi.2002","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Quercus spp.","Quercus","Fagaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"sg. Pristiphora",null,"Paraphyletic","50","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Populus, Betula, Vaccinium, Rosa, Sorbus, Spiraea, Amelanchier, Rubus, Geum, Potentilla, Filipendula, Aquilegia, Thalictrum, Acer"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"P. thalictri -group","…","8","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Aquilegia, Thalictrum"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora thalictri (Kriechbaumer)","5d.P.tha","5d","P2220","Reared M","Thalictrum sp.","Austria","2002","…","Ewald Altenhofer, Urs Schaffner, Jean-Luc Boevé","Thalictrum aquilegiifolium","Thalictrum","Ranunculaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[{"$nulls":3},"P. ruficornis -group","Paraphyletic","25","2","Holarctic","External feeders","Salix, Betula, Astragalus, Oxytropis, Vicia, Crataegus, Ribes, Tilia"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora leucopus (Hellén)","6a.P.leu","6a","VV05","Larva","(under Tilia)","Turenki, Finland","18.x.2005","…","Veli Vikberg","Tilia spp.","Tilia","Tiliaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora \"simulans\"","9f.P.sim","9f","06049","Ad. F","…","Kilpisjärvi, Finland","22.vi.2006","V. Vikberg det. (undescribed species, near Pristiphora melanocarpa)","Tommi Nyman","Betula nana, B. pubescens","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,null,"Unplaced Pristiphora species",null,"Polyphyletic",">30","9","Holarctic + Oriental","External feeders","Salix, Populus, Betula, Vaccinium, Rosa, Sorbus, Spiraea, Amelanchier, Rubus, Geum, Potentilla, Filipendula, Acer, Larix…"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora angulata Lindqvist","1a.P.ang","1a","04130","Larva","Spiraea chamaedryfolia","Oulu, Finland","30.vi.2004","On flowers","Tommi Nyman","Spiraea spp.","Spiraea","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora bivittata (Norton)","6d.P.biv","6d","03005","Ad. F","…","Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA, USA","01.v.2003","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Spiraea spp.","Spiraea","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora bufo (Brischke)","4a.P.buf","4a","02039","Larva","Larix sibirica","Janakkala, Finland","01.ix.2002","6761:371","Veli Vikberg","Larix decidua, Larix sibirica","Larix","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora cincta Newman","2e.P.cin","2e","02176","Ad. M","…","Cypress Mountain, BC, Canada","12.-17.vii.2002","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Vaccinium myrtillus, Betula spp., Salix spp., Spiraea media, Lonicera sp.","Vaccinium, Betula, Salix, Spiraea, Lonicera","Ericaceae, Betulaceae, Salicaceae, Rosaceae, Caprifoliaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora cincta Newman","3f.P.cin","3f","05071","Ad. F","…","Korvua, Suomussalmi, Finland","08.vi.2005","V. Vikberg det.","Tommi Nyman","Vaccinium myrtillus, Betula spp., Salix spp., Spiraea media, Lonicera sp.","Vaccinium, Betula, Salix, Spiraea, Lonicera","Ericaceae, Betulaceae, Salicaceae, Rosaceae, Caprifoliaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora geniculata (Hartig)","M6.P.gen","M6","P1770","Larva","Sorbus aucuparia","Etzen, Austria","28.viii.2000","...","Ewald Altenhofer","Sorbus aucuparia","Sorbus","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora punctifrons/viridana","1m.P.pun","1m","08103","Larva","Rosa sp.","Korvua, Suomussalmi, Finland","17.vii.2008","…","Tommi Nyman","Rosa spp.","Rosa","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora nigra Marlatt","6n.P.nra","6n","02082","Ad. F","…","Whistler-Squamish, BC, Canada","12.vii.2002","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora siskiyouensis Marlatt","3e.P.sis","3e","02196","Ad. F","…","Mount Seymour, BC, Canada","13.-17.vii.2002","D. R. Smith det.","Tommi Nyman","Betula spp., Alnus spp.","Betula, Alnus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristiphora testacea (Jurine)","Xa.P.tes","Xa","P2272","Larva","Betula sp.","Etzen, Austria","08.ix.2002","…","Ewald Altenhofer, Jean-Luc Boevé","Betula spp.","Betula","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Micronematus",null,null,"Monotypic","1","1","Palearctic","Leaf folders","Prunus"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Micronematus monogyniae (Hartig)","H2.M.mon","H2 (=P9)","02319","Larva","Prunus domestica","Parikkala, Finland","21.vi.2002","…","Heikki Roininen","Prunus spinosa, P. domestica","Prunus","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Neopareophora",null,null,"…","2","1","Nearctic","Bud-miners-to-external-feeders","Vaccinium"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Neopareophora litura (Klug)","L9.N.lit","L9","02326","Ad. M","...","Hardy County, USA","17.iv.-03.v.2002","...","David R. Smith","Vaccinium spp.","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Nepionema",null,null,"…","2","1","Holarctic","Unknown","Unknown"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nepionema helvetica Benson","3d.N.hel","3d","04092","Ad. M","…","Hochgurgl, Austria","22.vi.2004","…","Tommi Nyman","Host unknown","Host unknown","Host unknown","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Pristicampus",null,null,"…","2","1","Palearctic","External feeders","Pontentilla"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristicampus incisus (Lindqvist)","K5.P.inc","K5 (=E3)",97027,"Larva","...","Turenki, Finland","18.vii.1997","...","Alexey Zinovjev","Pontentilla fruticosa","Pontentilla","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Sharliphora",null,null,"…","3","1","Palearctic","Bud-miners-to-external feeders","Picea"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Sharliphora nigella (Förster)","J3.S.nig","J3","...","Ad. F","...","Vellavere, Estonia","25.iv.2002","...","Mikk Heidemaa","Picea abies","Picea","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[null,"Pristola",null,null,"…","2","1","Nearctic","Berry miners","Vaccinium"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pristola macnabi Ross","J1.P.mac","J1","02091","Ad. F","...","Mount Seymour, BC, Canada","13.vii.2002","...","Tommi Nyman","Vaccinium membranaceum","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","-","+"]
[]
[null,"Melastola",null,null,"Monophyletic","2","1-2","Nearctic","Berry miners","Vaccinium"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Melastola ferruginosa Wong","L7.M.fer","L7","02105","Ad. M","...","Mount Seymour, BC, Canada","13.vii.2002","...","Tommi Nyman","Vaccinium spp.","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Melastola sp.","G2.M.sp.","G2","02050","Larva","Vaccinium parvifolium","Burnaby, Vancouver, BC, Canada","09.vii.2002","...","Tommi Nyman","Vaccinium spp.","Vaccinium","Ericaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[]
["(NEMATINE OUTGROUPS)"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Anoplonyx apicalis (Brischke)","H1.A.api","H1","02306","Larva","Larix sibirica","Janakkala, Finland","01.ix.2002","6761:371","Veli Vikberg","Larix decidua, L. sibirica","Larix","Pinaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Caulocampus acericaulis (MacGillivray)","F7.C.ace","F7 (=D8)","...","Ad. F","...","Aneaster, ON, Canada","17.-20.v.1995","...","B. DeJonge","Acer spp.","Acer","Sapindaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Cladius comari Stein","JX.C.com","JX (=B1)","01083","Ad. M","...","Mekrijärvi, Finland","08.vii.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Potentilla palustris, Rosa spp., Fragaria spp., Filipendula ulmaria, Sanguisorba spp., Alchemilla vulgaris","Potentilla, Rosa, Fragaria, Filipendula, Sanguisorba, Alchemilla","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Hemichroa crocea (Geoffroy)","J8.H.cro","J8","P1775","Larva","Alnus glutinosa","Grimminge, Belgium","04.ix.2000","...","Jean-Luc Boevé","Alnus spp., Betula spp., Corylus avellana","Alnus, Betula, Corylus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Hoplocampa oregonensis (Ashmead)","G3.H.ore","G3","02079","Ad. F","Sorbus sp.","Elk Mountain, BC, Canada","17.vii.2002","Collected from flowers of Sorbus sitchensis","Tommi Nyman","Sorbus sitchensis","Sorbus","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Nematinus fuscipennis (Serville)","B5.N.fus","B5","01047","Ad. F","...","Tohmajärvi, Jalajanvaara, Finland","15.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman, Matti Viitasaari","Alnus glutinosa, A. incana, Carpinus betulus","Alnus, Carpinus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Platycampus luridiventris (Fallén)","K2.P.lur","K2 (=B2)","01058","Ad. M","...","Joensuu, Finland","11.vi.2001","...","Tommi Nyman","Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incana","Alnus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Pseudodineura fuscula (Klug)","J2.P.fus","J2","...","Ad. F","...","Nana Aseme, Estonia","21.iv.2002","...","Mikk Heidemaa","Ranunculus spp.","Ranunculus","Ranunculaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Stauronematus compressicornis (Fabricius)","E5.S.com","E5",97567,"Larva","Populus tremula","Suchowola, Poland","22.viii.1997","Current valid name: Stauronematus platycerus (Hartig)","Heikki Roininen, Alexey Zinovjev","Populus spp.","Populus","Salicaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Susana annulata Smith","H8.S.ann","H8","P2093","Ad. F","Cupressus sempervirens","Butte County, CA, USA","iv/2002","...","Herbert R. Jacobson","Cupressus spp.","Cupressus","Cupressaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[]
["(NON-NEMATINE OUTGROUPS)"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Ardis brunniventris (Hartig)","N8.A.bru","N8","...","Larva","Rosa sp.","Parikkala, Finland","vii/1997","…","Heikki Roininen","Rosa spp.","Rosa","Rosaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Eriocampa ovata (Linné)","N9.E.ova","N9","02328","Ad. F","...","Squamish, BC, Canada","10.vii.2002","...","Tommi Nyman, Jeffrey Joy","Alnus spp.","Alnus","Betulaceae","+","+","+"]
[{"$nulls":10},"Tenthredo notha Klug","L1.T.not","L1","...","Ad. M","...","Joensuu, Finland","09.vii.1996","...","Alexey Zinovjev","Trifolium spp., Vicia cracca","Trifolium, Vicia","Fabaceae","+","+","+"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["References"]
[]
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